States of Matter: Ideal Gases. the State Equation, Maxwell-Boltzman Distribution and the Definition of Temperature. Real Gases, Phase Transitions, Intermolecular Forces, the Crystalline State. Thermodynamics: the First Law of Thermodynamics, Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions. the Second Law: Entropy and Free Energy. Chemical Equilibrium: Thermodynamics Equilibrium, Factors Affecting Equilibrium. Le-Chatelier'S Principles, Saturated Solutions and the Solubility Product Constant. Oxidation-Reduction: Oxidation States of the Elements and Organic Compounds. Oxidation- Reduction Processes. the Electrochemical Series, Galvanic Cells, the Nernst Equation for Cell Voltages, Concentrations Cells.